The psychological approach analyzes the characters based on the Freudian conception of the human psyche - Id, Ego, Super Ego - as well as the relationships and conflicts within the story. In Julius Caesar, Shakespeare develops Mark Antony and Brutus using these two methods; Marc Antony convinces the people of the city to rebel by controlling his id and ego, while Brutus becomes honorable through his relationship with Cassius, his reputation, his transition from being manipulated to defending himself, and the choices he makes in difficult positions, such as whether or not to kill Caesar. After Marc'Antonio's speech, he convinces the people of the city to rebel against the conspirators by controlling their ego and not letting their id overwhelm them. “The id is the primitive impulse to seek pleasure without concern for boundaries” (Losh). The conspirators killed Caesar, whom Antony loved very much. It is possible that his identity forced him to want to take revenge on the conspirators. The ego, which deals with the part of the mind that interacts with the environment and people, would cause Antony to rationalize and realize that he could not kill the conspirators, but he could convince other people to do so, such as the crowd. Knowing this, Antony could have intentionally convinced the crowd to rebel against the conspirators, but he could not simply come out and tell them. It was supposed to make them want to kill the conspirators and think it was their idea by confronting their IDs. If Antony had gotten the crowd on his side regarding Caesar, they would have felt betrayed by the conspirators and their IDs would have made them want immediate revenge. By convincing the citizens that Caesar was a great man and leader, and that he did not deserve to be killed for the reasons given by the conspirators, Antony managed to convince the crowd... middle of paper... very noble Romans bear you” (II , the, LINES!!!!). It is possible that he wants to maintain this reputation so that he is well-liked and can have some control over people. Works Cited Heller, Agnes. "Julius Caesar." The Time Is Out: Shakespeare as Philosopher of History. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2002. 311-335. Rpt. in Shakespearean criticism. vol. 115. Detroit: Gale, 2009. Literature Resource Center. Network. December 16, 2010.Losh, Elizabeth. "Sigmund Freud." Twentieth-Century European Cultural Theorists: Second Series. Ed. Paolo Hansom. Detroit: Gale, 2004. Dictionary of Literary Biography Vol. 296. Literary Resource Center. Network. January 3, 2011.O'Dair, Sharon. "Social role and identity formation in Julius Caesar". Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 33.2 (1993): 289+. Literary Resource Center. Network. 7 December 2010.
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