With reference to articles published in the last ten years, critically evaluate the contribution to social psychology made by each Attribution Theory This article will define and explain attributions based on Weiner's attribution theory (1974, 1985), The literature relating to Weiner's (1974, 1985) model will be examined, in particular, articles that focus on stigmatization within society and the usefulness of attributions in a sporting context, before finally exploring the universal applicability of attributions in different cultural societies. An attribution refers to an individual's perceived cause or causes of his or her own and others' behavior. We interpret the actions of others and predict what they will do in certain circumstances. Although these ideas are usually not formulated, they often work adequately (Heider, 1944). Attributions are common to everyday life, and individual and unique life experiences mean that not all attributions are synonymous. Basic attribution models were theorized as early as the 1940s (Heider, 1944; Heider & Simmel, 1944), with more recognized theories introduced in the 1950s and 1960s (Heider, 1958; Jones & Davis, 1965; Kelley, 1967). Weiner (1974, 1985) extended these ideas, summarizing his own theory of attribution and introducing a concept known as achievement motivation (Weiner, 1979). Weiner's (1974) attribution model initially included two dimensions; place of the case and stability of the case. The dimension of the locus of the cause refers to the determinant of the behavior. Behavior is the result of internal, dispositional factors, or the result of external, situational factors. Internal factors include agents that are under our control, such as… half of the paper… at the Learning Press. Weiner, B. (1979). A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences. Journal of Educational Psychology, 71. 3-25.Weiner, B. (1985). Spontaneous causal thinking. Psychological Bulletin, 97. 74-84. Weiner, B. (1986). An attributional theory of motivation and emotion. Springer, Berlin, Germany. Wiese, H. J., Wilson, J. F., Jones, R. A., & Neises, M. (1992). Reducing obesity stigma in medical students. International Journal of Obesity, 16. 869-868.Wiggins-James, N., James, R., & Thompson, G. (2006). A2 PE for GQA. Heinemann, Oxford. Willner, P., & Smith, M. (2007). Attribution theory applied to helping behavior towards people with intellectual disabilities who present problems. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21. 150-155.Woods, B. (2001). Psychology in practice: sport. Hodder & Stoughton, Abingdon, Oxon.
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