The company was knowingly involved in the illegal installation of "cheat software" in millions of its cars around the world. This unethical act of theirs was a lie about the real potential of the cars sold to their customers. Involved in such fraudulent behavior, Volkswagen not only deceived people, but also caused visible damage to the environment by emitting 40% more nitrous oxide than the EPA standard. According to Edward L Queen, director of the ethics and leadership program at Emory University, Volkswagen intentionally deceived those to whom it owed a duty of honesty. This was not a mistake, a mistake, a lapse in ethics, or poor judgment. This was an intentionally planned and executed violation of the law in both letter and spirit. This was also an ethical violation of the highest level (Queen, 2015). It should not be seen as a misunderstanding or failure to communicate, but as an intentional and conscious wrongdoing of the company's top management.