Introduction One of the concepts frequently used by the playwright is that of outcast. According to Collins COBUILD Advances Learner's English Dictionary 2006, an outcast is "someone who is not accepted by a group of people or by society." There are various types of outcasts in this world, but some models are similar or slightly different. In this essay, we will focus on 3 types of outcasts: women, boy heroines and black slaves, and all outcasts come from plays and literatures, which can be adapted for stage plays. So, when this text refers to the audience (play) or the reader (literature), it will use “spectators” for both words. This essay is divided into 2 parts. The first part will start to represent and provide some examples in 3 notions: status degradation, characters trapped in a stereotype and caricature style, and the second part will discuss the response of viewers in many aspects. The 3 Important Traits of Marginalized Characters Trapped in a StereotypeOutcasts are always trapped in a stereotype. According to Waters (2007, cited in Zither, 2009 p. 87 – 88), black slavery has usually been presented in a negative way for a long time. In the 17th century in Europe there were dramas that depicted them as 'formidable Moors', or slightly better, in the 18th, as 'figures of sentiment'. Furthermore, in America, black slaves were considered exclusively strange and jokey characters, such as ignorant black actors or lazy runaway slaves. And in the nineteenth century, blackness was considered “an indicator of lower intelligence and black nobility.” (ibid, p.87 - 88) On the other hand; However, in the Elizabethan era, theatergoers were brought in by transvestites, London magistrates punished women who dressed...... middle of paper ... people in general may be increasingly aware of this problem. Furthermore, awareness of the problem can prevent the reappearance of marginalized people in the future. Works Cited Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary 2006 (Harpercollins Publisher 2006) Edward Ziter, (book review) Racism on the Victorian Stage: Representations of Slavery and the Black Character by Hazel Waters, in Nineteenth-Century Theater and Film. Manchester: June 2009. vol. 36, Iss. 1; page 87, 2 pagesBerry, Ralph, “Gender in Play on the Shakespearean Stage: Boy Heroines and Female Pages” by Michael Shapiro (Book Review), Comparative Drama, 29:4 (1995/1996: Winter) p. 521 – 523.Thomas, Claudia Newel, “Interpreting Ladies: Women, Wit, and Morality in the Restoration Comedy of Manners” by Pat Gill (Book Review), Comparative Drama, 29:4 (1995/1996: Winter) p. 523 - 526.
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