Classical criminology is credited with having initiated the abandonment of rather barbaric forms of torture. In classical criminology, the naturalistic approach of social thinkers had challenged the spiritualistic approach. During this period, the spiritualistic approach was the basis of all policies in Europe. This means that every crime had as its spiritual meaning the reason why it was committed. St. Thomas Aquinas, who contributed to the topic, argued that people have a natural tendency to be good rather than bad. He also argued that because they committed a crime, it not only hurt others, but would hurt them. There were also many other early contributors to classical criminology. John Locke briefly argued that a social contract had to be a social contract. The world began to be seen in a more scientific term and he realized that the world is a complicated place. People began to see factors outside of the individual's control that could be causing their behavior. He also began to view criminal behavior as a defeat beyond the individual's control. Now that the world began to be seen differently, crime began to spread in a serious way. During the 1960s and 1970s, crime in the United States reached its highest rate ever recorded. In that period, Classical Criminology had renewed its interest. People were also tired of criminals trying to blame society and not accepting punishments for committing crimes. Social process theory also explains how a person can become involved in crimes from the surrounding environment. Being social is great, but sometimes the wrong company can cause a lot of problems. A person is not always involved in a crime because of his social life. Committing a crime is a choice: no one can force a person to do something they don't want to. Both believed that for a crime to occur three criteria had to be met. The first criterion is that a suitable target must be present, i.e. the individual, object or item. Secondly, the absence of a capable guardian, that is, a person capable of protecting the suitable target (a pet, a sign, etc.). Finally, the gifts of a motivated criminal. If for any reason any of the criteria is absent, the crime will not occur. Cohen and Felson also found that altering routine activity theory: could make a suitable target less desirable and attractive, create the perception that a capable guardian is present, and alter social circumstances for offenders to obtain, earn, or obtain the suitable lens. While Cohen and Felson explained their criteria for how a crime should occur, others tried to find a way to prevent crime