GermanyIn Germany Walmart suffered from cultural integration problems; the idea of ​​a one-size-fits-all solution was critically flawed. The problems addressed can be classified into three categories. First, the question of management; Walmart employed a non-German manager who did not understand the consumer habits and expectations of the German people; this was similar to the case of Silvio Napoli in the Schindler case study in India. American management made very critical decisions that did not reflect the cultural context of the German people in terms of consumption habits and expectations; Germans are known to be efficient in their purchasing practices. Managerial implementation of customer packing: Customer packing made shopping longer and Germans didn't like having strangers do the packing (they preferred to spend less time in the store). Likewise, the idea of ​​smiling at customers also did not sit well with the German people; The German staff, not being used to the culture of smiling, proved to be less than sincere, in addition to the fact that the German buyers considered the gesture intrusive (in Germany it is not considered normal to smile at complete strangers). Second, Walmart did not take into account Germany's cultural attitudes; the union is very important for the well-being of workers, while in the USA it is known that Walmart staff do not belong to any union (German companies have close ties with their unions). By taking an anti-union stance, Walmart created a poor employee relationship that led to the loss of critical quality staff in Germany; Worse than the damage done to employee relations was the spread of this negative image through the media to German society and therefore to German consumers. L...... middle of paper ...... ice in the United States ; in Japan it created a negative perception of Walmart's image; Japanese culture harbors the idea of ​​firing staff and therefore it was not received well by Japanese society and consumers. Likewise, with health-conscious Japanese consumers and the need for Walmart to improve profit margins by reducing intermediaries between manufacturers and retailers; the idea of ​​pre-packaged food (referring to meat practices) did not fit well with the expectations of Japanese consumers who preferred their meat supply to be freshly produced. Finally, Walmart operated in large store formats (retail store format concept) which was new in the Japanese context; Japanese shoppers were used to the idea of ​​small, specialized shopping formats. This clash of expectations has created a barrier for most Japanese shoppers actually frequenting Walmart stores.