Topic > The role of eyewitness testimony and the effect of weapons...

Eyewitness testimony plays a crucial role in criminal investigations. Therefore, it is important to know how to eliminate factors that can negatively impact eyewitnesses' ability to remember. The result of incorrect identification by eyewitnesses can lead to numerous inaccurate and wrongful convictions. One study suggests that more than 75,000 people each year become criminal defendants based on eyewitness identification (Schechel, O'Toole, Easterly, & Loftus, 2006, p.178). Another study showed that around 100 convicted people were exonerated thanks to forensic evidence. Furthermore, it is known that 75% of these people were victims of misidentification. Known DNA exoneration cases are only a sliver of innocent people who have been convicted based on eyewitness misidentification evidence (Wells & Olson, 2003). Eyewitness testimonies are also unique and valuable factors that can lead to criminal investigations. However, eyewitness testimony can also raise several factors that threaten its credibility, especially for those who have not received prior training in assessing witness reliability. It has been suggested, for example, that jurors use only common sense as a guide when their witnesses make strenuous claims (Schechel et al., 2006, p.178). In case a crime scene contains no DNA remains or other forensic evidence, eyewitness identification plays a vital role in criminal investigations. Biometric evidence such as DNA is rarely available for homicides, robberies, shootings and other common crimes, forcing a reliance on eyewitness identification evidence. When biometric identification is not possible, we must rely solely on eyewitness testimony. Eyewitness testimony can help describe the… focus of the document… from http://www.psychology.iastate.edu/~glwells/Wells_articles_pdf/Eyewitness_Testimony_Ann_Rev.pdfWells, G.L., & Quinlivan, D.S. (February 2009). Suggestive eyewitness identification procedures and Supreme Court reliability testing in light of eyewitness science: 30 years later. Medline. Retrieved April 8, 2011, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18302010Wells, G., Small, M., Penrod, S., Malpass, R.S., Fulero, S.M., & Brimacombe, C (1998, November 6). Eyewitness identification procedures: recommendations for lineups and photo broadcasts. Law and human behavior. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/pss/1394446Zaragoza, M. S., Belli, R. F., & Payment, K. E. (2009). Effects of misinformation and suggestibility on eyewitness memory. Zaragoza Publications. Retrieved April 8, 2011, from http://www.personal.kent.edu/~mzaragoz/publications.html