Topic > Essay by Thomas Hobbes - 822

Thomas Hobbes is the English philosopher, who perfected Western political philosophy and its terms such as civil society, absolutism for the sovereign, right of the individual, representativeness of legitimate power etc. In his famous book Leviathan, he showed the artificial character of the sovereign's political order and what life would be like without the government, named by Hobbes as the state of nature. In this state, like all people in the world, they will also try to survive for their lives and avoid their acts that could cause their death. According to Hobbes, the best chance to decrease the possibility of danger from another people is to have a social contract to establish a civil society. According to Hobbes, the causes of conflicts are the innate behavior of human beings such as competition for materials, sense of insecurity, etc. Furthermore, the fear of death can be an advantage for respecting the social contract for peace. The rules of the law of nature are a fundamental contract between people to avoid war which is the worst situation in the state. So, to understand the reasons for the conflict and the solutions for a long-term peace, first the person should understand the demands of the law of nature and the ideas of Hobbes, reason for a permanent peace, monarchy is the best form of government mechanism. The law of nature is a general rule that is discovered through reason. According to Hobbes, the basic instinct of human beings is to survive and protect their lives, so they should seek peace. For this reason, the first law of nature is the most important: seek peace and follow it. The second, the renunciation of some rights, the reciprocity to be defended. We can certainly defend ourselves. This mutual transfer of rights is called a social contract and is based on the notion of moral obligation. F...... middle of paper...... is the only right form of government. Hobbes believes that any such conflict in a system such as the separation of powers could lead to civil war. He believes that any form of orderly government is preferable to civil war. He therefore advocates that all members of society submit to an absolute central authority for the sake of maintaining common peace. For Hobbes, this is the only sure means of maintaining a civilized and peaceful political system and preventing the dissolution of society in civil war. In conclusion, the reason for conflicts is people's instinct regarding competition over material sources to be more powerful than others to avoid anticipation with obedience. the law of nature to avoid the fear of death and war is the best option for Hobbes. Furthermore, monarchical government that enforces the laws of nature by controlling everything can prevent war and any conflict in society..