Omi and Winant's concept of racialization is formed around the theory according to which race is a social conception while that of Bonilla-Silva is formed around the theory of racialized social systems . We will first consider Omi and Winant, and then move on to Bonilla-Silva's concept of racialization. Omi and Winant state, “Within contemporary social science literature, race is assumed to be a variable shaped by broader social forces.” (Omi & Winant 1986, p. 3) The racial line in the United States has been defined and strengthened over the centuries. White people are seen as “pure” while mixed people are classified as “non-white.” This type of thinking comes from the idea of hypo-descent. The hypo-ancestry theory is as follows: No matter how small a person's African-American ancestry is, they are still considered African-American. Marvin Harris said, “The hypo-descent rule is, therefore, an invention that we in the United States made to keep biological facts from intruding into our collective racist fantasies.” (Omi & Winant 1986, p. 3) The notion of “passage” began after the implementation of hypo-descent. Individuals classified as “black” based on hypodescent attempt to circumvent discriminatory barriers by “passing” as white. When an individual is “passing” they try to assimilate into the other race. The “transition” reached the Supreme Court with the Takao Ozawa case. Ozawa, a Japanese male, applied for United States citizenship under the Naturalization Act of 1906. Ozawa declared that he had assimilated to the "white" lifestyle and should be considered "white." The Supreme Court ruled that only Caucasians were white and that the Japanese were an “unassimilated” race. Omi and Winant in their c...... middle of paper ...... can see the white systems that put them there. They are no more racist than white people, they are not afforded the privilege of denial that white people have. (Wise, The Pathology of Privilege) I hope I have demonstrated that Omi and Winant's concept of racialization is closest to the truth. They trace the social concept of race to its first construction in the 16th century through the discriminatory policies of the Federal Housing Administration following World War II. As the game of Monopoly was under construction, so is race. The goal of both Monopoly and racing is to leave others at the bottom and be the only ones at the top. Our country's courts have upheld cases like Plessy v. Ferguson who prevent blacks from becoming white. The racial system in the United States is constructed in such a way that whites are dominant and other races are subordinate.
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