Horace Mann's Major Educational Project OverviewHorace Mann is well known as the father of the common school movement. He disputed that universal public education is the essential method of educating the country's children as prudent republican citizens. He popularized public school construction and established the program called "normal schools" to train teachers as professionals. This is why he is considered the "father of the common school movement" after all.Early Life EducationMann was born on May 4, 1796 in Franklin, Massachusetts. He was one of five sons of his father who was a farmer without much money. The poor circumstances of his family taught him the habit of autonomy and independence from a young age. Given his circumstances, it was more than obvious that he hadn't received much education. Since he only had about six weeks of schooling each year, he used the town library to continue his studies on his own. He confessed that “we decide to read a little every day, even if it's just one sentence. If you gain fifteen minutes a day, it will be felt at the end of the year” about what self-education could do in his book later. However, while it is true that self-study could have some results, the need for professional training by professional teachers was public. This lack of education and thirst for learning was one of the significant factors that influenced him to lead the Common School Movement in his later part of life. Then he went to Brown University at age 20. He graduated from his school in the year 1819 as valedictorian of his class with the speech entitled "The Progressive Ch...... middle of paper .... ..productive and responsible citizens that proper civic education should teach i fundamental principles of government, provide insights into representative institutions, and generally be good citizens.” Once again, he believes that to build a society with responsible citizens, the quickest way is to have a good civic education to transmit these values ​​to children. Since they do not have a defined worldview, it is easy to manipulate them in a positive way , wanted the mainstream school to do “a delicate political balancing act to cultivate a general political consciousness but not indoctrinate students into a partisan political ideology” believing that the school could carry out “its civic, political and cultural roles in a impartial." So, once again, he believes that the common school has and can be a foundation for changing society.