Topic > Jeremy Bentham Panopticism - 638

According to David Lyon in his introduction “The Search for Surveillance Theories”, “The panopticon refuses to disappear”. (4). The prison architecture invented by Jeremy Bentham became the crucial “diagram” for Foucault. It emphasizes self-discipline as an archetypal modern modality, which replaces previous coercive and brutal methods – “it reverses the dungeon principle; or rather its three functions – to enclose, deprive light and hide – it retains only the first and eliminates the other two” (Foucault 200). In 1975, Foucault coined the term “panopticism” in his book Discipline and Punishment, which was quickly used to describe Bentham's utilitarian theory as a whole. However, there has been much discussion among Bentham scholars as to whether Bentham would have appreciated Foucault's interpretation of the Panoptician. Philip Schofield writes, "It would have seemed very strange to Bentham, who considered his prison Panopticon humane and a vast improvement on the practice of the criminal justice system of the time" (qtd. in Ernst-Brunon 2-3). This discrepancy between an increasingly attractive Bentham and a still repugnant Panopticon can largely be attributed to Foucault. If Foucault's interpretation of the Pantoticon brought Bentham's work to a wider audience, it also transformed Bentham into a precursor to Big Brother. Bentham scholars have consistently complained about Bentham's bad reputation among the general public and Foucault's role in the matter. Within surveillance studies (which is a relatively new field of academia) Bentham is recognized – at least in Foucault's interpretation of Bentham – as one of the major theorists of this new power of mind over body and mind over mind. One of the reasons... at the center of the paper ......isms conveys the idea that the panoptic paradigm is no longer a suitable model for interpreting current surveillance issues and that society has moved towards a post- modern. panoptic age, which shares some of the characteristics of the Foucaultian panoptic father and the Bentham panoptic grandfather, since one inherits traits from a relative” (196). Foucault once wrote: “We live in a society in which panopicism reigns” (citation needed). While some in surveillance theory circles believe this statement is no longer applicable to their area of ​​study. However, the use of reinterpretation recognizes the limitations of panopticism and how reassessing what Foucault-style panopticism is and what the panoptic paradigm is can contribute to the surveillance debate. One way scholars have done this is to go back to Bentham and distinguish Bentham's Panopticon from Foucault's panopticism..