Individuals perceive failure in areas such as coping or problem solving. (Bahr & Brown, 2012, p. 117). Nursing home residents may perceive failure when it comes to solving problems for reasons such as lack of autonomy. Many nursing home residents dismiss their feelings of hopelessness because they consider them normal (Kril, Pesiah, Rodriguez, & Snowdon, 2007, p. 649). However, feelings of hopelessness at any age should not be recognized as normal, but rather as an indicator of depression. Major depression has been found in several nursing home residents who presented with cognitive problems (Llewellyn-Jones & Snowdon, 2007, p. 629). Residents with cognitive impairments experience hopelessness that tends to be overlooked by healthcare providers. Furthermore, residents perceive that he or she is not useful or has no meaning in life. Residents who held professional jobs had difficulty adapting to the different lifestyle in nursing homes (Choi et al., 2008, 540). Many nursing homes fail to provide complex and meaningful related tasks for residents. Residents need mastery-related tasks to feel they have fulfilled a
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