The Umayyad regime was characterized by important political and religious movements that helped shape the history of the Middle East. This occurred most notably in the late 7th and early 8th centuries at the time of the Umayyad Caliphate, although Umayyad rule continued in Andalusia long after this period. This essay recognizes the characteristics of the Umayyad regime through the factors that influenced both its rise and fall. Western Umayyad studies were promoted by Julius Wellhausen in 1902 with his work Das arabiche Reich und sein Sterz, in which he attempted to formulate an account of Umayyad history based on the most reliable surviving resources. Furthermore, Wellhausen's depiction of the Umayyad clan was sympathetic, illustrating the reasons behind their pragmatism and focusing on politics above religion. He also painted a depiction of the Umayyads representing an Arab national consciousness, what he called Levi Delia Vida, which embodied the idea of ​​Arab domination over non-Arabs. It is this image of the Umayyads that will be examined through this essay. The evidence used to draw these conclusions, as well as the different methodologies employed to produce these works, are also investigated, based on events that occurred in the seventh and eighth centuries AD. The rise of this elite family from the Quraysh confederation began following the end of the first Muslim civil war (fitna) in 661 AD The Umayyad regime was founded by Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan. Muawiya had been governor in Syria, and thus Umayyad rule was centered in Damascus. The Umayyads were the first Islamic dynasty, meaning they introduced hereditary succession to the governments of Islam. The Muslim community with...... middle of paper ......l-Walid, accepting that they are unable to discern exactly which. This is crucial to understanding the process of creating a history for the Umayyad period in today's context: there is no certainty about any statement. Shamma states that the history of the Dome is much easier to decipher, attributing its construction to Abd al-Malik solely from the inscriptions within the monument with the date 72 Hijrl (692 AD). From Shamma's thesis it is clear that there is an inextricable link between the Dome and the Umayyads. The implications of this are significant, as already explained, the Umayyads were considered largely indifferent to religious matters. Shamma also examines coins of the time, noting that the circle is the most prominent shape in Islam's beliefs, which can also be seen in the "obligatory circumambulation" of the Kaaba during the hajj..